Final answer:
Only Option 1, Number 4 is a neutron, and Option 2, Number 1 is an electron, are correct without additional context. The correct answer is C). An atom consists of protons with positive charges, electrons with negative charges, and neutrons with no charge.
Step-by-step explanation:
When evaluating the components of an atom, it's essential to understand the charges associated with protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, electrons have a negative charge, and neutrons are neutral. Given the scenarios, it seems like a reference to their functions is being made:
- Number 4 is a neutron - This statement is unclear without context, but neutrons are neutrally charged.
- Number 1 is an electron - If the context pertains to the negatively charged particles in an atom, this would be correct.
- Number 1 has a positive charge - This statement would be incorrect because electrons are negatively charged.
- Number 3 is either positive or negative - Without context, this is ambiguous. However, we know that protons are positive and electrons are negative.
- Number 2 can be either a proton or a neutron, and number 3 is either a neutron or an electron - This is somewhat true, as protons and neutrons can both be found in the nucleus, while electrons are found in orbitals around the nucleus.
If we correlate the numbers with actual particles and then assess the statements, only Option 1 and Option 2 are correct, which marks C) as the correct answer among the provided choices. Number 3 is incorrect because electrons are negatively charged. Number 4 is vague and without context. Number 5 contains partial truths but is not entirely accurate as it does not consider the charges of the particles. The atomic number is determined by the number of protons in an atom's nucleus, and for a neutral atom, this also equals the number of electrons. Each element has a distinct number of protons, which defines its identity, and the same number of electrons if the atom is neutral.