Final answer:
Ethnic identity has traditionally been asserted through religion, national heritage, and geography. In the United States, nationality-based ethnicities are often expressed through hyphenated terms (e.g. Chinese-American, Mexican-American).
Step-by-step explanation:
Ethnic identity has traditionally been asserted through various means, such as religion, national heritage, and geography. In some parts of the world, religion serves as the primary marker of ethnic identity, while in others, nationality or ancestral ties play a significant role. For example, in the United States, religion is rarely used as a marker of identity, but nationality-based ethnicities (e.g. Chinese-American, Mexican-American) are expressed through hyphenated terms.