Question

Explain, in terms of the arrangement of carbon atoms, why diamond has a greater density than graphite, even though both are forms of carbon. Refer to the provided table, which includes the densities of graphite and diamond, and describe the structural differences that result in this density disparity.

Answer 1

Diamond has a greater density than graphite due to their different arrangements of carbon atoms. In diamond, each carbon atom is bonded to four other carbon atoms, forming a three-dimensional tetrahedral network. On the other hand, graphite consists of layers of carbon sheets with each carbon atom bonded to three other carbon atoms.

Step-by-step explanation:

Diamond has a greater density than graphite due to their different arrangements of carbon atoms. In diamond, each carbon atom is bonded to four other carbon atoms, forming a three-dimensional tetrahedral network. This arrangement results in a tightly packed structure and strong covalent bonds between atoms, leading to higher density. On the other hand, graphite consists of layers of carbon sheets with each carbon atom bonded to three other carbon atoms. The layers are held together by weak van der Waals forces, allowing them to slide easily over each other. The presence of these weak interactions and the layered structure result in a lower density compared to diamond.