Question

In an experiment by Rutherford, the deflection of at the gold foil indicated

a) all matter was continuous and impenetrable.
b) the alpha particle was very light and positively charged.
c) all the positive charge and most of the mass of the atom ve charge and most of the mass of the atom was concentrated in a small volume.
d) all of the mass and charge of the atom were contained in the same region.

Answer 1

Rutherford's experiment revealed that most of the positive charge and mass of an atom are concentrated in a small volume called the nucleus. Correct option is c)

Step-by-step explanation:

Rutherford's experiment with gold foil led him to conclude that all of the positive charge and most of the mass of the atom were concentrated in a small volume, which he called the nucleus.

Most of the fast-moving alpha particles passed through the gold atoms undeflected, indicating that most of the atom was empty space. However, the few alpha particles that were deflected at large angles experienced a powerful force within the atom, suggesting the presence of a concentrated positive charge.

This discovery challenged the accepted atomic model at the time and led to the development of a new model where the nucleus contained the majority of the atom's mass and positive charge, while negative electrons orbited around the nucleus.