Final answer:
The question refers to exposure therapy, a method used to treat phobias and anxiety by gradually exposing the individual to their fears while teaching relaxation techniques, such as the relaxation response technique developed by Herbert Benson in the 1970s, or biofeedback developed by Gary Schwartz.
Step-by-step explanation:
The technique described in the student's question is known as exposure therapy, a behavioral technique commonly used to treat phobias and anxiety disorders. This therapeutic process involves habituation, which describes the reduction of a reaction to a stimulus after repeated exposure. This technique does not typically pose a risk and can be highly effective.
In the 1970s, Herbert Benson developed the relaxation response technique to reduce stress, which recommends practices like sitting calmly in a chair and repeating a mantra. Similarly, biofeedback, another method developed in that era by Gary Schwartz, involves giving individuals feedback on physiological functions to help them gain some control over these processes.
The combination of relaxation techniques and gradual exposure is believed to be beneficial for tackling stress and anxiety, by blunting the fight-or-flight response described, which includes symptoms like racing heart and rapid breathing upon encountering fear.