Final answer:
According to Unam Sanctum, temporal and spiritual authorities enjoyed equal power. States should control their own churches, but ultimately, authority resided in the papacy. Temporal authorities were subject to the spiritual power of the church.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Unam Sanctum, the temporal and spiritual authorities enjoyed equal power. The document stated that the temporal authorities were subject to the spiritual power of the church. However, it also emphasized that states should control their own churches, but ultimately, authority resided in the papacy.
This idea of the power of the papacy and the relationship between the church and the state was a significant issue during the time of the Reformation. The Church, represented by the Pope, claimed both spiritual and temporal power, which led to tensions with secular rulers. While states were granted some control over their own churches, the final authority still resided with the papacy.
The Unam Sanctum document was issued by Pope Boniface VIII in 1302 and was a response to conflicts with King Philip IV of France over papal authority. It reinforced the idea of papal supremacy over secular rulers, while also acknowledging the importance of state control over churches.