Final answer:
Exposure Therapy is the behavior therapy approach designed to break the association between the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response of anxiety, aiming to diminish the fear response through a process called extinction.
Step-by-step explanation:
The behavior therapy that aims to break down the association between the conditioned stimulus (i.e., the stimulus that triggers fear) and the conditioned response of anxiety is known as Exposure Therapy.
Exposure therapy is a type of cognitive-behavioral therapy that works by exposing patients to the feared stimulus without any danger, in order to extinguish the fear response. Fear is a conditioned response, and exposure therapy seeks to break the association between this response and the conditioned stimulus by a process called extinction. The goal is to weaken the conditioned response by continuously presenting the conditioned stimulus (such as the edge of a yard for a dog that has been shocked by an invisible fence) without the unconditioned stimulus (the shock itself), similar to how Pavlov's dogs eventually stopped salivating to the tone when it was no longer accompanied by food.