Final answer:
Behavioral Therapy, which is grounded in the concepts of classical and operant conditioning, is the therapy that uses the assumptions that behavior is a product of learning and that what has been learned can be unlearned.
Step-by-step explanation:
The therapy that uses the assumptions that behavior is a product of learning and what has been learned can be unlearned is closely associated with the principles of Behavioral Therapy. This approach is grounded in the concepts of classical conditioning and operant conditioning, which were formulated by psychologists such as Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner, respectively. Behavioral Therapy is based on the idea that dysfunctional behaviors are learned and that individuals can, with proper techniques, unlearn these behaviors. Operant conditioning infers that behavior can be shaped by reinforcement or punishment, leading to an increase or decrease in the occurrence of specific behaviors. Through this therapeutic approach, undesired behaviors are targeted for change by applying these principles, promoting the learning of more adaptive and functional behaviors.
Techniques such as systematic desensitization or reinforcement schedules are utilized to aid in the 'unlearning' process of maladaptive behaviors and encourage the adoption of healthier responses. Such methods have practical applications across various aspects of human behavior, including habit formation, education, and correction of disruptive behaviors. By emphasizing the role of experience in shaping behavior, Behavioral Therapy aligns with the idea that learned behaviors, even if they have become problematic, are not fixed and can be altered through new learning experiences.