Final answer:
The correct answer is B) 80 grams of hydrogen and 20 grams of oxygen. Water (H2O) is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. The molar mass of water is approximately 18 grams per mole.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is B) 80 grams of hydrogen and 20 grams of oxygen.
Water (H2O) is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. The molar mass of water is approximately 18 grams per mole. This means that for every mole of water, there are 2 moles of hydrogen and 1 mole of oxygen.
Since the molar mass of hydrogen is approximately 1 gram per mole, 2 moles of hydrogen would be 2 grams. Therefore, in 18 grams of water, there would be 2 grams of hydrogen.
The remaining mass of water, 18 - 2 = 16 grams, would be due to oxygen. So, for every 18 grams of water, there are 2 grams of hydrogen and 16 grams of oxygen. Therefore, in 100 grams of water, there would be approximately 80 grams of hydrogen and 20 grams of oxygen.