Final answer:
The just-world hypothesis is a belief that good happens to good people and bad to bad people, leading to victim blaming and overlooking systemic issues contributing to someone's plight.
Step-by-step explanation:
The assumption that people "get what they deserve" and blaming the victim are two examples of someone who has a just-world hypothesis. This is a belief system that assumes good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people, thereby creating a perception that the world is fair and just. It simplifies the complexity of people's circumstances by attributing their situation to their personal attributes rather than considering external, situational factors.
When assuming the just-world hypothesis, people often blame the victim for their misfortune. For example, they might believe that if someone is living in poverty, it is because they are lazy or make poor choices, rather than recognizing systemic issues or other external factors that contribute to their situation. This viewpoint can lead to a lack of empathy and support for those in need and can create additional barriers for the victim to overcome.