Final answer:
A host performs various checks such as verifying checksums, checking sequence, and acknowledgment numbers when it receives TP segments to ensure data integrity and correct sequencing.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a host receives TP (Transport Protocol) segments, it performs several checks to ensure the integrity and proper sequencing of the data received. These checks include verifying the checksum to ensure no corruption has occurred during transit, checking the sequence numbers to confirm that the segments are in the correct order, and observing the acknowledgment numbers to understand what data has been successfully received and what may need to be retransmitted. In the context of TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), one of the core transport protocols on the Internet, additional checks related to window size and urgent pointer may also be performed, depending on the specific flags set in the segment header.