Question

You have three batches of nitric acid. Each has been diluted with a different amount of water. Batch A contains 0.4 g H+ ions in every 100 ml of solution. Batch B contains 20 g H+ in a total volume of half a litre. Batch C contains 1.4 g H+ ions in 3.5 dm3 of solution. Calculate the concentration of batch A.

Answer 1

The concentration of batch A of nitric acid is calculated by converting the mass of H+ ions to moles, using the molar mass, and dividing by the volume of the solution in liters, resulting in a concentration of 4 M.

Step-by-step explanation:

To calculate the concentration of batch A of nitric acid, which contains 0.4 g of H+ ions in every 100 ml of solution, we need to convert the mass of H+ ions into moles and then divide by the volume of the solution in liters.

The molar mass of H+ (hydrogen ion) is approximately 1 g/mol. Therefore, the number of moles of H+ in batch A is:

Number of moles = Mass (g) / Molar mass (g/mol) = 0.4 g / 1 g/mol = 0.4 moles.

Since the volume given is in milliliters, we convert it to liters:

Volume in liters = 100 ml * (1 liter / 1000 ml) = 0.1 liters.

Now, we compute the concentration of H+ in batch A:

Concentration (M) = Moles of solute / Volume of solution (L) = 0.4 moles / 0.1 L = 4 M (molarity).

Therefore, the concentration of H+ in batch A is 4 M.