Final answer:
Option (C), The synonym for 'discovery inquiry' in the context of exploration is 'understanding'. Exploration and inquiry both drive toward gaining a deeper understanding of undiscovered territories or knowledge, reflecting the desires that motivated European Exploration.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question 'Exploration:discovery inquiry' relates to historical inquiry which is a means of exploring the motives, causes, and effects of events in history. In terms of the options provided (A) Implication, (B) Determination, (C) Understanding, (D) Frustration, the word that best fits as a synonym for 'discovery inquiry' in the context of exploration is understanding.
Exploration is driven by the need to find new information or resources—this process leads to discovery which then contributes to a deeper understanding of the world. In this context, inquiry is similarly about seeking knowledge to make sense of something, thereby arriving at an understanding.
This search for understanding is akin to the motives behind European Exploration, where explorers ventured into unknown territories motivated by various factors such as wealth, national prestige, and curiosity about the world.