Final answer:
The side length of the largest square pieces Melanie and Jessica can cut from a 72 inches by 90 inches fabric is 18 inches, calculated by finding the greatest common divisor of the two dimensions.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find out the side length of the largest square pieces that Melanie and Jessica can cut from fabric measuring 72 inches by 90 inches, we need to determine the greatest common divisor (GCD) of these two dimensions. The GCD of 72 and 90 is 18, which means that the square pieces of fabric can each have a side length of 18 inches. This allows them to cut the fabric into squares without any leftover material. Hence, the correct option is B) 18.