Final answer:
The result of being called to testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee and McCarthy could include imprisonment, loss of employment, and being blacklisted, as seen with the Hollywood Ten and others in the entertainment industry. The fear of being investigated also restricted criticism of the government.
Step-by-step explanation:
When called to testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee and McCarthy, the result could vary depending on the response of the person involved. If the person refused to cooperate or invoked Fifth Amendment protections, they could face imprisonment, loss of employment, or being blacklisted. This was seen with the Hollywood Ten and other individuals in the entertainment industry who were targeted by McCarthy and HUAC. The fear of being investigated by these committees also restricted criticism of the government during the postwar era.