Final answer:
The terms 'outcome-input ratio' and 'comparison other' relate to equity theory in the Social Studies field, specifically within the context of organizational behavior or human resources management, concerning the assessment of fairness and motivation in workplace environments.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question you are asking about involves concepts that are part of Social Studies, and more specifically, they relate to organizational behavior or human resources management, where these terms are used to understand and evaluate fairness and motivation within a workplace environment. The outcome-input ratio is related to equity theory in psychology and is used to describe the fairness of the distribution of rewards in social situations or organizations. Comparison other is a term referring to the individual against whom one compares their own situation in the equity theory analysis.
Comparison other is an element in determining whether an individual perceives equity or inequity in their situation by comparing the ratio of their outcomes and inputs to those of another person. It's an essential factor: when one perceives their outcome-input ratio to be unequal to their comparison other, it can lead to feelings of unfairness and affect their motivation and behavior at work.