Final answer:
The enzyme responsible for the conversion of triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol in mammalian adipocytes is hormone-sensitive lipase, which is activated by hormones like glucagon and adrenaline to promote lipolysis.
Step-by-step explanation:
Conversion of triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol in mammalian adipocytes will occur when an enzyme named hormone-sensitive lipase becomes activated by hormones such as glucagon, growth hormone, adrenaline, noradrenaline, ACTH, and TSH. These hormones typically act to raise the blood glucose levels and stimulate lipolysis, which is the breakdown of lipids stored in adipose tissue.
During lipolysis, triglycerides are hydrolyzed into glycerol and free fatty acids (FFA). The FFA then bind to albumin, forming a complex that is transported to various tissues in the body to be used for energy production, especially when carbohydrate availability is low.