Final answer:
The research assessing children's play patterns for toy development is observational research, allowing insights into natural behaviors.
Step-by-step explanation:
The researcher examining the play patterns of children in a play area to determine the potential for new toys is engaging in observational research. This type of research involves observing behavior in its natural context without manipulating any variables. Observational research can provide valuable insights into the interests and behaviors of children, and this can influence the development of new toys that have the potential to be well-received in the market. It is conducted to understand how participants interact in natural settings, which in this case refers to a play area where authentic play patterns can be observed.