Final answer:
The meeting of the cold Labrador Current and the warm Gulf Stream in Atlantic Canada is primarily responsible for causing fog due to the condensation that occurs when the two air masses converge.
Step-by-step explanation:
In Atlantic Canada, the phenomena of the cold Labrador Current meeting the warm Gulf Stream leads to the creation of fog. These two ocean currents converge along the coast, where the cold air above the Labrador Current comes into contact with the warmer, moisture-laden air of the Gulf Stream. This temperature and humidity contrast causes condensation and the formation of persistent fog, particularly affecting areas such as Newfoundland and the Grand Banks.
The Labrador Current and the Gulf Stream have significant impacts on the weather and climate conditions in the regions they influence. The cold Labrador Current does not provide the conditions for arable soil or mild winters, rather it contributes to the region's harsh climate. Similarly, while the Gulf Stream can contribute to heavier precipitation, the convergence with the cold current is more notably responsible for fog than for heavy snowfall. Additionally, the contrast in temperature and moisture also contributes to the formation of heavy snowfall in the region.
Answer: c) Fog