Final answer:
The political and geographical differences between the Eastern and Western churches include language, clergy practices, and authority structures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The political and geographical differences between the Eastern and Western churches can be seen in their language, clergy practices, and authority structure.
- The Western church operated in Latin, while the Eastern church used Greek.
- The Western church insisted on a celibate clergy, while the Eastern church permitted priests to marry.
- The Western church elevated the pope as the final authority, while the Eastern church viewed other patriarchs as equally authoritative.
These differences contributed to the division between the two churches known as the Great Schism of 1054, resulting in the formation of the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church.