Question

Both Earth's atmosphere and inner Earth have additional layers. Continue your investigation by going higher (if you chose the troposphere) or deeper (if you chose the upper crust). The layer below earths rust is the mantle at a depth of 300 km the temperature is about 1800 degree Celsius. Use this information to write the depth and temperature coordinates for a point in the mantle. Then find the slope of the line joining this point and the point at the bottom of the crust.

a. Depth: 100 km, Temperature: 1000 °C
b. Depth: 1000 km, Temperature: 3000 °C
c. Slope: -10 °C/km
d. None

Answer 1

To find the slope of the line representing temperature change with depth in the mantle, the temperature difference is divided by the depth difference between two points. None of the provided options correctly calculate this slope; the correct slope calculation using the given points (100 km, 1000°C) and (300 km, 1800°C) would result in 4°C/km. The correct option is d.

Step-by-step explanation:

The question requires us to use the provided temperature and depth coordinates to calculate the slope of the line joining the point at the base of the Earth's crust and a point in the mantle. Given the coordinates of a point in the mantle are Depth: 300 km, Temperature: 1800°C, and the depth and temperature coordinates for a point in the mantle are as follows:

• Depth: 100 km, Temperature: 1000°C
• Depth: 1000 km, Temperature: 3000°C

The slope of the line (Δtemperature/Δdepth) is calculated by finding the difference in temperature over the difference in depth between the two points. For the given options, none of them correctly represent how to find the slope. If we consider two points (100 km, 1000°C) and (300 km, 1800°C), the slope would be:

(1800 - 1000) / (300 - 100) = 800 / 200 = 4°C/km

Thus, the correct answer for the slope would be 4°C/km. This means that for every kilometer you go deeper into the mantle, the temperature increases by 4 degrees Celsius.

Option c (Slope: -10°C/km) is incorrect because a negative slope would indicate temperature decreases with increasing depth, which is not the case in the Earth's mantle.

Hence, Option d is correct.