Final answer:
The Piltdown Man represents a paleoanthropological hoax where bone fragments were claimed to be early human remains but were later exposed as a forgery.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Piltdown Man is an example of a paleoanthropological hoax of our time. Paleoanthropology focuses on the study of human evolution through fossils and artifacts. In this particular hoax, bone fragments were presented as the fossilized remains of a previously unknown early human. These remains were supposedly discovered in Piltdown, England, and were used to support the idea that early humans had a large brain but an ape-like jaw. However, in 1953, the remains were revealed to be a forgery, having been composed of a human skull and the jawbone of an orangutan.