Final answer:
The formation of metamorphic rocks is not accurately depicted by any of the provided answer choices. Metamorphic rocks are formed when a protolith is subjected to high temperature and pressure, leading to recrystallization and reorientation of minerals, and potentially resulting in foliation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Metamorphic rocks are formed from pre-existing rocks that undergo metamorphism, a process of alteration by heat, pressure, or chemically reactive fluids.
The flow chart for the process of forming metamorphic rocks does not align with any of the options provided in the question.
Rather, the key stages in the formation of a metamorphic rock include the initial exposure of the protolith to conditions of high temperature and high pressure, often due to tectonic forces or thermal intrusion, leading to recrystallization and reorientation of minerals, a process which can produce foliation.
The end result is a distinctly layered or banded metamorphic rock, with characteristics dependent on the original rock's composition and the specific conditions of metamorphism.
When looking at the process of metamorphism, there are two main types to consider: contact metamorphism and regional metamorphism.
Contact metamorphism occurs when rocks are heated by nearby molten rock, while regional metamorphism happens on a larger scale due to tectonic plate movements.
While foliation is a common feature, especially in regionally metamorphosed rocks, not all metamorphic rocks display it; those that don't are referred to as non-foliated.
Ultimately, none of the given options (A-D) accurately represent the flow chart for the formation of metamorphic rocks.
Instead, the correct sequence would involve the initial rock (protolith) being subjected to heat, pressure, and possibly chemically active fluids, resulting in its transformation into a metamorphic rock with either foliated or non-foliated characteristics.