Final answer:
The differential treatment of Harry and Dudley by the Dursleys in J.K. Rowling's series portrays themes of fairness, inequality, and resilience. Rowling uses their treatment to highlight the importance of equitable and compassionate treatment versus favoritism and materialism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The treatment of Harry compared to his cousin Dudley in the Dursley household is significant in conveying the author's message about fairness. In J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter series, Harry, the protagonist, is consistently treated with neglect and a lack of compassion, while Dudley is spoiled and given unwarranted attention and gifts. This stark contrast highlights the theme of inequality and the different forms of child abuse and neglect that exist in some family dynamics. Underscored by the Dursleys' behavior is the implication that fairness is not based on favoritism or material gifts, but rather on love, respect, and equitable treatment.
Through the presentation of these characters and their interactions, the author prompts readers to consider the deeper implications of fairness and the significance of treating individuals with equity. Harry's resilience and integrity, despite his unkind upbringing, also serve as an inspiring testament to the human spirit's capacity to remain noble and kind-hearted even when faced with adversity and injustice.