Final answer:
The hazards of substances used in a formal laboratory environment include severe burns, irritation, and toxic gases. Precautions that should be followed include wearing protective equipment, proper handling and disposal, and avoiding eating or drinking in the lab.
Step-by-step explanation:
The hazards of the substances used in a formal laboratory environment include:
- Hydrochloric acid: It is a strong acid that can cause severe burns if it comes into contact with the skin. It can also release toxic fumes when exposed to certain chemicals.
- Bleach: It contains strong oxidizing agents that can be dangerous if ingested or if it comes into contact with the skin or eyes. Mixing bleach with other acids or ammonia can produce toxic gases.
- Hydrogen peroxide: It can cause irritation, drying, and burns when it comes into contact with the skin or eyes. When heated or mixed with other substances, it can release oxygen and cause splattering.
Precautions that should be followed in a formal laboratory environment include:
- Always wear personal protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, when handling hazardous substances.
- Familiarize yourself with the proper handling and disposal procedures for each substance.
- Follow your teacher's instructions on the use of fume hoods and other safety apparatus.
- Avoid eating or drinking in the lab to prevent contamination.
- Keep arms and hair away from flames or heat plates to avoid burns.