Final answer:
The restoring force of an oscillating spring-block system can be calculated using Hooke's law. The restoring force in an oscillating simple pendulum is due to the gravitational force. The elastic potential energy of a spring-block system can be calculated using a specific formula.
Step-by-step explanation:
The restoring force of an oscillating spring-block system can be described by Hooke's law, which states that the force is directly proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position. Mathematically, the restoring force can be calculated using the formula F = -kx, where F is the restoring force, k is the force constant of the spring, and x is the displacement.
The restoring force in an oscillating simple pendulum is due to the gravitational force exerted by the Earth. It can be calculated using the formula F = -mg sin θ, where F is the restoring force, m is the mass of the pendulum bob, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and θ is the angle of displacement from the equilibrium position.
The elastic potential energy of a spring-block system can be calculated using the formula U = 1/2 kx², where U is the elastic potential energy, k is the force constant of the spring, and x is the displacement from the equilibrium position.
The total energy in a simple pendulum is the sum of its kinetic and potential energy. The kinetic energy can be calculated using the formula KE = 1/2 mv², where KE is the kinetic energy, m is the mass of the pendulum bob, and v is its velocity. The potential energy can be calculated using the formula PE = mgh, where PE is the potential energy, m is the mass of the pendulum bob, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height of the bob above the equilibrium position.
The velocity of a wave on a string can be calculated using the formula v = √(T/μ), where v is the velocity, T is the tension in the string, and μ is the linear mass density of the string.