Final answer:
The question relates to the identification of hematological diseases using diagnostic features such as 'starry sky' appearance, Auer rods, and staining markers like Periodic acid-Schiff and TdT.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student is asking about diagnostic features and terminologies related to hematological diseases or conditions in Medicine. Buzzwords such as starry sky appearance often refer to conditions like Burkitt lymphoma, where rapidly dividing tumor cells are interspersed with macrophages, giving the tissue a characteristic 'starry sky' appearance on microscopic examination. Additionally, Auer rods are needle-like inclusions found in the cytoplasm of myeloblasts, typically seen in acute myeloid leukemia. The presence of Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) positivity indicates glycogen or other carbohydrate content in cells, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) positivity is a marker used for lymphoblasts, often found in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.