Final answer:
The question "Have you had a growth spurt?" best describes total growth in height, referring to the accelerated increase in stature during the adolescent growth spurt, influenced by genetics and environmental factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
Total growth in height is often observed during the adolescent years, correlating with the period known as the adolescent growth spurt. This period sees a rapid increase in both height and weight and is influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Among the options given, the one that best describes total growth in height is B. "Have you had a growth spurt?" as it directly refers to the period of rapid increase in height that occurs during puberty. This period is marked by significant changes in body size, composition, and proportions, largely controlled by hormonal factors. Regarding growth in weight, this too has a spurt during adolescence and it's closely related to the increase in height as well as changes in muscle and bone mass.
In females, this growth spurt typically begins between 8 and 13 years old, and they reach their adult height sooner, about by age 15 or 16. Males begin their growth spurt around 10 to 16 years old and reach their final height slightly later, between 13 and 17 years of age. Factors such as nutrition, health, and medical conditions can all influence these growth patterns.