Question

All of the following statements about intellectual expectancies are true except one. Which statement is FALSE?

A) Intellectual expectancies refer to the expectations people hold regarding the intelligence of others.
B) Stereotypes and biases can impact intellectual expectancies.
C) Intellectual expectancies have no influence on educational outcomes.
D) Intellectual expectancies can affect social interactions and academic performance.

Answer 1

The false statement about intellectual expectancies is that they have no influence on educational outcomes. In fact, they can significantly affect both educational and social outcomes and are intertwined with stereotypes, biases, and self-fulfilling prophecies.

Step-by-step explanation:

Among the statements provided about intellectual expectancies, the false statement is (C) Intellectual expectancies have no influence on educational outcomes. Intellectual expectancies refer to the expectations that people hold regarding the intelligence of others. These expectations can indeed have a significant influence on educational and social outcomes. Stereotypes and biases can greatly impact these expectancies, leading to a self-fulfilling prophecy where lower expectations result in poorer performance, as seen in research by Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968).

Furthermore, IQ tests have been criticized for reflecting cultural biases more than actual intelligence, suggesting that such tests perpetuate existing power configurations rather than offering equal opportunities. It is important to acknowledge that both genetics and environment play roles in developing intelligence, with environmental factors shaping how genetic potential is realized.