Final answer:
In the Canadian Shield during winter, the Black-capped Chickadee and the Common Raven are examples of birds that stay in this region. The northward movement of birds' wintering grounds due to temperature increases poses ecological problems such as predator-prey dynamics changes, competition for resources, and habitat suitability issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Canadian Shield is a vast geographical area that provides a habitat for various bird species, including those that stay during the winter months. Among these, one might find Black-capped Chickadees, which are non-migratory and adapt well to cold temperatures. These birds enhance their feather insulation and adjust their metabolism to survive the harsh winters. Another example could be the Common Raven, known for its intelligence and adaptability, which also makes the Canadian Shield its home during the winter.
When considering the movement of birds' wintering grounds northward, as temperatures rise, there are potential ecological problems. For instance, such shifts may alter the predator-prey dynamics, introduce competition for resources with native species, and impact the trophic levels within the ecosystems. Additionally, as these bird species extend their range, there may be a lack of suitable habitat or food sources, which could lead to population declines. Habitat fragmentation and the challenges brought about by human activity further complicate this issue.