Question

Just like complex organisms, cells are able to survive by coordinating various activities. Complex organisms have a variety of systems, and cells have a variety of organelles that work together for survival. Describe the roles of two organelles. In your answer be sure to include:

• the names of two organelles and the function of each [2]
• an explanation of how these two organelles work together [1]
• the name of an organelle and the name of a system in the human body that have similar functions [1]

A. Nucleus, Golgi Apparatus, Intracellular Transport System, Endocrine System
B. Mitochondria, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Digestive System, Respiratory System
C. Lysosome, Ribosome, Nervous System, Immune System
D. Cell Membrane, Chloroplast, Circulatory System, Skeletal System

Answer 1

The nucleus acts as the cell's control center by organizing DNA and coordinating cell functions, whereas the Golgi apparatus modifies and packages proteins. Proteins from the RER are processed by the Golgi, highlighting the cooperation between organelles. Similarly, mitochondria are akin to the human respiratory system, with both involved in energy production.

Step-by-step explanation:

Roles of Organelles in Cells and Their Cooperative Functions

Just like complex organisms utilize various systems for survival, cells have organelles that work together to maintain cellular function. For instance, the nucleus functions as the control center of the cell, housing DNA and coordinating activities, including growth and reproduction. The Golgi apparatus, another organelle, modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion or delivery to other organelles. Proteins synthesized by the ribosomes on the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) often travel to the Golgi apparatus for further modification and packaging, demonstrating the interconnectivity of these organelles.

Looking at similar functions between an organelle and a human body system, the mitochondria are often compared to the Respiratory System since both are responsible for energy production. Mitochondria generate ATP through cellular respiration, much like the lungs facilitate oxygen exchange for energy production in the body.