Final answer:
The major role in the Scopes Trial was played by the Fundamentalist Movement, represented by William Jennings Bryan. Option C.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Scopes Trial, also known as the Scopes Monkey Trial, was a highly publicized court case in 1925. The focal point of the trial was the legality of teaching evolution in public schools, which pitted modern science against religious fundamentalism.
Standing as the figurehead for the prosecution was William Jennings Bryan, a prominent representative of the Fundamentalist Movement, which was apprehensive about the spread of secularism and the decline of religious education in schools.
Bryan's opposition in court was led by the famed lawyer Clarence Darrow, who passionately defended the cause of intellectual freedom and scientific education.
The correct answer to the question posed is C) The Fundamentalist Movement. This was a cultural battle between the traditional beliefs held by many Americans, particularly in the rural South, and the new scientific theories that challenged these beliefs, primarily evolution.
In short, the Scopes Trial was emblematic of a larger struggle within American society over the role of religion in public life and the acceptance of modern scientific theories.
So Option C is correct answer.