Final answer:
Job analysis is the process that defines the tasks, duties, and responsibilities of a job along with the required human attributes. It's a part of industrial-organizational (I-O) psychology, which also addresses employee orientation, training, and performance appraisal.
Step-by-step explanation:
The procedure for determining the tasks, duties, and responsibilities of a job and the human attributes required to perform it is known as job analysis. Job analysis involves accurately describing the task or job and identifying the characteristics of applicants for a match to the job analysis. This often includes the use of both task-oriented and worker-oriented approaches to detail the tasks performed and the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) required. Observation, surveys, and interviews are typical methods used in job analysis to gather information. Moreover, the practice of selecting employees with the help of industrial psychologists includes the evaluation of potential candidates through testing and interviews, ensuring a match between the job description and the applicant's traits. In the broader field of industrial-organizational (I-O) psychology, which encompasses job analysis, other areas such as employee orientation, training, and performance appraisal are also critical. I-O psychology aims to adhere to legal standards in hiring while optimizing productivity and workplace wellbeing.