Final answer:
The job analysis technique with 194 items is the Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ), which is designed to measure job characteristics. It is used in I-O psychology for matching individuals to job roles based on required KSAs. The reliability of job analyses varies and can be less dependable when self-reported by job holders.
Step-by-step explanation:
The job analysis technique that involves 194 items, each of which represents a basic element that may or may not play an important role in the job, is known as the Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ). The PAQ is a structured job analysis instrument that measures job characteristics and relates them to human characteristics. This standardized instrument examines a variety of job elements which are divided into several categories, allowing for a comprehensive analysis of a job's requirements. Techniques like observation, surveys, and interviews help gather the necessary information for the PAQ and other job analysis methods. However, according to Dierdorff & Wilson (2003), the reliability of job analyses can vary, especially when the information comes directly from job holders, which has been shown to be less reliable. In industrial-organizational (I-O) psychology, job analysis is crucial for matching individuals to jobs within an organization and for determining necessary knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs). Furthermore, job analyses are used in different aspects of human resource management, including designing interviews and understanding job satisfaction.