Final answer:
Wallace's Line is a boundary in the Malay Archipelago that separates Asian and Australian flora and fauna. It occurs due to variations in sea level, geology, climate, and historical landmass separation. The line marks the differences in biodiversity between the two regions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Wallace's Line is a boundary marked by differences in biodiversity between the mainland of Southeast Asia and the islands of the region. It was proposed by the British naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace in 1859. The line separates Asian and Australian flora and fauna, with the western side of the line having more Asian species and the eastern side having more Australian species.
Wallace's Line is located in the Malay Archipelago, specifically between Borneo (part of Southeast Asia) and Sulawesi (part of Australia). It extends southward between Bali and Lombok, and further eastward between Java and Sumatra. The line represents a boundary where geological and ecological factors have resulted in distinct ecosystems on either side.
Wallace's Line occurs due to a combination of factors, including variations in sea level, differences in geology and climate, and the historical separation of landmasses. These factors have influenced the migration and distribution of species over time, resulting in the distinct biodiversity patterns observed today.