Final answer:
Modus ponens is the conditional syllogism where the antecedent is affirmed, leading to the necessary conclusion of the consequent.
Step-by-step explanation:
The conditional syllogism involving affirming the antecedent is called modus ponens. In modus ponens, the antecedent in a conditional statement is affirmed to draw a conclusion about the consequent. This type of syllogism is structured as follows:
If X, then Y (X is a sufficient condition for Y).
- X is true (The antecedent is affirmed).
- Therefore, Y must be true (The consequent necessarily follows).
An example demonstrating this would be: If it rains, the streets will get wet. It is raining. Therefore, the streets are wet. Here, the truth of the antecedent ('it is raining') is accepted, which validates the truth of the consequent ('the streets are wet').