Question

Explain three measures that have been taken since the Christmas Day Tsunami to prevent future disasters and how these steps directly relate to the causes of the disaster?

Answer 1

Since the Christmas Day tsunami, three measures have been taken to prevent future disasters: the implementation of early warning systems, the improvement of coastal infrastructure, and public education and preparedness.

Step-by-step explanation:

1. Early warning systems: Governments and organizations have implemented early warning systems to detect tsunamis and issue alerts to coastal communities. These systems use seismic sensors and ocean buoys to detect seismic activity and changes in sea levels. For example, after the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004, the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System (IOTWMS) was established to monitor and provide early warnings in the region.
2. Improved infrastructure: Efforts have been made to strengthen coastal infrastructure to withstand tsunamis. This includes building seawalls, levees, and breakwaters to reduce the impact of waves and protect coastal communities. For instance, Japan has constructed tsunami barriers and raised the elevation of coastal areas to minimize damage from future tsunamis.
3. Public education and preparedness: Governments and organizations have focused on educating and preparing communities living in tsunami-prone areas. This includes conducting drills, sharing educational materials, and raising awareness about evacuation routes and emergency supplies. For instance, in Thailand, schools and communities have implemented tsunami drills and educational programs to ensure that people understand the signs of a tsunami and know how to respond.