Final answer:
C-NMR spectra differ from H-NMR spectra by having a broader range of chemical shifts and commonly no splitting of signals, while both utilize chemical shifts (ppm) and interpret electronic environments for structure elucidation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The C-NMR spectra differ from H-NMR spectra in several ways. In C-NMR, usually only carbons (¹³C) that are not equivalent appear as distinct signals, which makes C-NMR spectra less complex. In C-NMR, the chemical shifts cover a broader range, from 0 to 220 ppm, reflecting the different types of carbon environments, as compared to 0 to 12 ppm range for H-NMR, and typically do not show splitting due to J coupling because ¹³C is much less abundant than ¹H. On the other hand, both types of NMR spectroscopy use chemical shifts (δ) in parts per million (ppm) and both rely on the magnetic properties of nuclei influenced by their electronic environment. Similarly, factors affecting the chemical shifts and the interpretation of signals, such as electron density, electronegativity of adjoining groups, and hybridization states, apply to both. Besides, both are generally used in conjunction to provide a more detailed structure elucidation of molecules.