Final answer:
The Industrial Revolution introduced significant agricultural innovations such as gasoline-powered farm tools, transportation improvements, and refrigeration, which revolutionized farming practices and productivity. Later developments, like the Green Revolution, further enhanced yields with high-response crop varieties and modern farming techniques.
Step-by-step explanation:
Innovations in Agriculture
The Industrial Revolution brought significant changes to agricultural practices, moving away from subsistence farming towards more efficient and productive methods. Key innovations included the introduction of gasoline-powered farm tools such as tractors, seed drills, threshers, and combine harvesters, facilitating large-scale farming and the cultivation of single crops to maximize profits.
Advancements in transportation and the invention of refrigeration enabled the safe shipment of produce globally. New technologies such as synthetic pesticides and high-yielding crop varieties further transformed agriculture.
The emergence of crop rotation and advancements like the metal plow and organized irrigation systems set the foundation for modern agriculture. Such practices ensured nutrient-rich soil and allowed for the cultivation of otherwise difficult terrain. The post-Renaissance era witnessed the Agrarian Revolution, introducing pivotal changes in land reform and ownership, as well as agricultural technologies.
In regions like those growing rice, despite the labor-intensive nature of farming, the Green Revolution brought about considerable yield increases thanks to high-response varieties (HRV) of staple crops, expanded irrigation, and artificial fertilizers and pesticides. Over time, various important technological discoveries have substantially increased crop yields, including the development of the 3-field rotation system and the heavy plow.