Final answer:
A split-brain operation involves cutting the corpus callosum to functionally isolate the cerebral hemispheres. This research has provided insights into the distinct functions of each hemisphere.
Step-by-step explanation:
A split-brain operation involves cutting the corpus callosum, which connects the two cerebral hemispheres. This procedure functionally isolates the hemispheres, allowing researchers to study the unique functions of each hemisphere. Split-brain research has revealed that when an object is presented to the left visual field of split-brain patients, they are unable to verbally name the object because the visual input from the left visual field enters the right hemisphere and cannot signal to the speech center in the left side of the brain. However, the patient can still identify and pick up the object using their left hand controlled by the right hemisphere.