Final answer:
Impression management is the process by which individuals attempt to control the perceptions others have of them, often through strategies akin to a performance. It is key in social interactions and professional settings, where managing impressions can lead to tangible benefits like promotions or positive recognitions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Impression management refers to the efforts of individuals to control or influence the perceptions of other people. This usually involves projecting an image of themselves that will be viewed favorably by others, which can be pivotal in a variety of social interactions, including those taking place in professional environments.
One key strategy for successful impression management is the presentation of self in everyday life, described by sociologist Erving Goffman as dramaturgy. Goffman compared social interactions to a stage performance where individuals use different strategies to influence how they are perceived. This can involve controlling one's appearance, mannerisms, and speech based on the social setting and audience.
Symbolic interactionism is a broader sociological framework within which impression management is a critical component. Symbols, such as a judge's robe and gavel, for instance, aid in constructing a desired impression of authority and fairness. An important part of impression management in professional settings involves negotiating between one's personal identity and the expectations of the workplace, which can dictate dress code, communication styles, and behaviors to foster a perception of competence and team compatibility.
Overall, the various strategies of impression management aim to elicit positive outcomes such as promotions, alliances, or positive recognition in the workplace. These strategies are especially important for professionals, particularly in their first year on the job where they are often scrutinized more closely by colleagues and supervisors.