Final answer:
Self-esteem is related to others' evaluations of us because our sense of self develops through our interpretation and evaluation of the responses we receive from others. If others evaluate us positively, it tends to boost our self-esteem, while negative evaluations can lower our self-esteem.
Step-by-step explanation:
Self-esteem is related to others' evaluations of us because our sense of self develops through our interpretation and evaluation of the responses we receive from others. This concept, known as the looking-glass self, was introduced by Charles Cooley.
According to Cooley, we base our image on how we think others see us, and we develop our personal sense of self based on the reactions we receive from others. If others evaluate us positively, it tends to boost our self-esteem, while negative evaluations can lower our self-esteem.
For example, constant exposure to negative evaluations, such as derogatory labels, jokes, and homophobia, can lead to a negative self-image and even self-hate. A study by the CDC found that homosexual youths who experience high levels of social rejection are more likely to have high levels of depression and to have attempted .
Furthermore, the social comparison process plays a role in how our self-esteem is affected by others' evaluations. We compare ourselves to others in order to check ourselves against social standards and remain part of the group. If we receive positive evaluations and feel that we are meeting or surpassing social standards, it can positively impact our self-esteem.