Final answer:
Cutting the corpus callosum, a procedure known as split-brain surgery, significantly impairs communication between the brain's hemispheres leading to unique symptoms and revealing the specialized functions of each hemisphere.
Step-by-step explanation:
When the corpus callosum is cut, it results in a condition known as split-brain, which significantly impairs the communication between the two hemispheres of the brain. This procedure is sometimes performed to treat severe cases of epilepsy. As a consequence of this surgery, the hemispheres are unable to exchange information directly. This can lead to interesting phenomena, such as when an object is shown to a split-brain patient's left visual field, they may not be able to name it because the speech center is usually located in the left hemisphere, and the visual information is isolated in the right hemisphere. However, these patients are often able to perform tasks, like picking up objects, with their left hand, which is controlled by the right hemisphere, demonstrating the unique functions and responsibilities of each hemisphere.