Final answer:
The 4th leading cause of death in children 19 years and younger is unintentional drowning, with preventive measures like supervision near water being crucial. In children under five globally, pneumonia and diarrhea are among the top causes of death, with interventions like immunization and clean water being key to prevention.
Step-by-step explanation:
The 4th leading cause of death in children 19 years and younger is unintentional drowning. This is classified as respiratory impairment from being in or under liquid. In the United States, drowning is the second leading cause of death after motor vehicle crashes in children aged 12 years and younger. It is essential to be aware of this serious risk and to take preventive measures, such as swimming lessons and close supervision near water bodies.
For children under five years old globally, the most frequent causes of death include pneumonia, diarrhea, congenital anomalies, preterm birth complications, and malaria. Factors like malnutrition and poor water sanitation due to insufficient healthcare resources in low-income countries contribute to these deaths. Interventions like immunization, proper nutrition, and access to clean water can significantly reduce these risks.