Final answer:
The humeral head is primarily supplied by the axillary artery through the humeral circumflex arteries.
Step-by-step explanation:
The dominant blood supply to the humeral head is through the axillary artery, which is the continuation of the subclavian artery as it moves through the body wall and into the axillary region. The axillary artery provides blood to the region near the head of the humerus via the humeral circumflex arteries. After supplying the humerus, the axillary artery continues into the brachium and becomes the brachial artery, which further supplies blood to the brachial region and divides into other branches.