Final answer:
Critical thinking is a fundamental attribute for survival as it enables individuals to analyze situations, make informed decisions, and adapt to changes effectively. This skill is highly valued in various professional and personal contexts, outshining other attributes when considering overall survivability and success in society.
Step-by-step explanation:
To address the question about the necessary attributes for survival, we need to consider the broader context of societal needs and the capabilities that facilitate adaptation and problem-solving in different environments. Among the options given (physical strength, critical thinking, memorization skills, artistic ability), critical thinking stands out as a universally valuable skill for survival. Critical thinking involves the ability to analyze situations, contemplate various outcomes, and make informed decisions - skills that are critical for both personal success and contributions to society.
Moreover, as indicated in the study of psychology and history, critical-thinking and analytical ability are consistently ranked among the top skills desired by employers. These skills enable individuals to assess and analyze material, develop and present content thoughtfully, and maintain an open-minded approach to learning and adaptation, which is essential in a rapidly changing world.
In contrast, while physical strength, memorization skills, and artistic ability can be advantageous in specific contexts, critical thinking is the foundation upon which many diverse career paths and life strategies are built. It allows the understanding of complex relationships, problem-solving, and the evaluation of information, making it a cornerstone for successful navigation through life's challenges.