Final answer:
The formation of an amide from butanoic acid and cyclopentamine is represented by the reaction: Butanoic acid + Cyclopentamine → Amide + Water. This is an amidation process where cyclopentamine reacts with butanoic acid, yielding cyclopentanamide and water.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct equation for the formation of an amide from butanoic acid and cyclopentamine is:
Butanoic acid + Cyclopentamine → Amide + Water
The reaction between a carboxylic acid such as butanoic acid and an amine like cyclopentamine will yield an amide and water in a process known as amidation. This reaction entails the nucleophilic attack of the amine's nitrogen atom on the carbonyl carbon of the carboxylic acid, leading to the formation of an amide linkage and the elimination of a water molecule (H2O). Specifically, the cyclopentamine's nitrogen will attack the carbonyl carbon of butanoic acid, forming cyclopentanamide and releasing water.
Here is a step-by-step description of the reaction:
- The nitrogen atom of cyclopentamine approaches the carbon of the carbonyl group in butanoic acid.
- An intermediate is formed as the nitrogen donates a pair of electrons to form a new bond with the carbonyl carbon.
- The oxygen atom in the carbonyl group gains a proton (H+) and leaves as a water molecule.
- The result is the formation of an amide bond between the nitrogen of cyclopentamine and the remaining carbon skeleton of butanoic acid, creating cyclopentanamide.