Final answer:
Stomach flu (gastroenteritis) involves inflammation of the stomach and intestines, often caused by viruses like rotavirus in children or norovirus in adults, and is different from influenza, which affects the respiratory system. Food poisoning results from consuming contaminated food and can cause symptoms such as nausea and diarrhea, which can sometimes lead to severe and chronic conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Commonly referred to as stomach flu, gastroenteritis is an illness that involves inflammation of the stomach and intestines. It is different from influenza, which is caused by the influenza virus characterized by respiratory symptoms like fever, chills, and body aches. Food poisoning, on the other hand, is typically due to consuming contaminated food and can involve nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps, and diarrhea.
In children, rotavirus is the most common cause of gastroenteritis, whereas adults are more frequently affected by norovirus. Unlike influenza, gastroenteritis will not be prevented by an influenza vaccine because it is caused by different viruses or even bacteria and parasites such as Giardia or Trichinella. Bacterial gastroenteritis can occur through infection or intoxication with bacteria colonizing the host or secreting toxins, respectively.
Known foodborne viruses include norovirus and hepatitis A, with norovirus causing inflammation of the stomach and intestines. Severe cases of food poisoning can lead to chronic conditions or even be life-threatening, emphasizing the importance of taking precautions during food preparation to prevent foodborne illnesses.