Final answer:
The instrument used to record earthquake events is known as a seismograph. It utilizes geophones to detect and record seismic activity, allowing for the analysis of earthquake characteristics and aiding in the determination of epicenters.
Step-by-step explanation:
The instrument which records earthquake events is termed a seismograph. This instrument is pivotal in geophysics and seismology, as it provides crucial data on earthquake waves, which helps in determining the epicenter and the magnitude of the seismic events. Seismographs employ geophones to detect ground movements and convert these movements into voltage, which is recorded and can be analyzed to understand the structure of the earth and monitor any seismic activity.
Using a seismograph, scientists measure the arrival times of primary (P-waves) and secondary (S-waves) with remarkable precision. P-waves typically travel faster than S-waves, and by comparing their arrival times, scientists can accurately calculate the distance to an earthquake's epicenter. However, the precision of detecting the source of an earthquake can be affected by the known speeds of these wave types and any uncertainty in their propagation speeds.
Answer : c. seismograph