Final answer:
Calcite, composed of calcium carbonate, will react readily with acids such as hydrochloric acid to produce carbon dioxide, water, and a calcium salt, with fizzing observable due to the release of CO2 gas.
Step-by-step explanation:
The mineral that will react readily with acids such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) is calcite. Calcite is composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and will react with acids to form carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and a corresponding calcium salt. When calcite comes into contact with hydrochloric acid, the reaction is as follows:
CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) ↑
During the reaction, you can observe fizzing due to the release of carbon dioxide gas, which indicates that calcite reacts with the acid. This reaction is commonly seen when testing limestone, which contains calcite, for its reaction to dilute hydrochloric acid.